In this
Summer 2021 segment, the Brew’s personal finance writer Ryan Lasker is
nose-diving into our inbox to address your personal finance questions. Submit your money woes here.
I
am looking to start a freelance graphic design business but don’t know
where to start, especially when it comes to taxes. How do I know what
items can be written off, and how do I keep track of them?—Haley
Before you
do anything (like taking on clients), you’ll need to form a legal
business, which matters in part because your structure determines how you’re taxed. Freelancers often open LLCs, which can protect your personal assets from business debt.
Next,
test-drive accounting software (I like QuickBooks Self-Employed and
FreshBooks.) Pick one that creates functional invoices, makes inputting
expenses easy, and is in your budget.
Now you’re
open for business! Every expense you incur—from software to coffees with
clients—goes in the software. Every dollar you earn, too. Keep receipts
for everything. As you correctly surmised, expenses ≠ write-offs. Simply put, write-offs (aka deductions) are ordinary and necessary costs to your business. Photoshop? Yep. A Manet for your home office? No.
Truth is,
it’s not that simple. There are special rules for deducting startup
costs. You might need to make estimated tax payments quarterly. And we
haven’t even talked about tax credits.
Bottom line: If taxes are the 4x100 relay, you’ll run a great first leg by keeping really good track of your income and expenses. Let a tax pro take it to the finish line for at least the first couple of years.
PS: Starting August 17, Ryan will be writing a twice-weekly personal finance newsletter to make you smarter about your money. Become one of the first subscribers.
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